A diatonic tetrachord comprised, in descending order, two whole tones and a semitone, such as A G F E (roughly). These three tunings were called diatonic, chromatic, and enharmonic, and the sequences of four notes that they produced were called tetrachords ("four strings"). In ancient Greece there were three standard tunings (known by the Latin word genus, plural genera) of a lyre. Historically, however, it had other senses, referring in Ancient Greek music theory to a particular tuning of the tetrachord, and to a rhythmic notational convention in mensural music of the 14th to 16th centuries. Ĭhromatic most often refers to structures derived from the twelve-note chromatic scale, which consists of all semitones. In some usages it includes all forms of heptatonic scale that are in common use in Western music (the major, and all forms of the minor). Very often, diatonic refers to musical elements derived from the modes and transpositions of the "white note scale" C–D–E–F–G–A–B. These terms may mean different things in different contexts. They are very often used as a pair, especially when applied to contrasting features of the common practice music of the period 1600–1900. , movement I, fugue subject: diatonic variant ĭiatonic and chromatic are terms in music theory that are most often used to characterize scales, and are also applied to musical instruments, intervals, chords, notes, musical styles, and kinds of harmony.
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